IAS 17 – LEASES
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| IAS17 - LEASES |
IAS 17 đã được issue từ khá lâu, bởi vì một vài điểm không phù hơn nên sắp bị thay thế bởi IFRS 16 leases. Trong IAS này mình tập trung vào 3 vấn đề dưới đây:
1. Classification
Financial lease: transfers substantially all the risks and rewards from lessor to lessee. The following situations lead to financial lease:
- The lease transfers the ownership of the asset to the lessee by the end of the lease term
- The lessee has the option to purchase the asset at a price which is expected to be sufficiently lower than fair value at the date the option becomes exercisable that, at the inception of the lease, it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised
- The lease term is for the major part of the economic life of the asset, even if title is not transferred.
- At the inception of the lease, the present value of the minimum lease payments amounts to at least substantially all of the fair value of the leased asset.
- The lease assets are of a specialized nature such that only the lessee can use them without major modifications being made.
- If the lessee is entitled to cancel the lease, the lessor's losses associated with the cancellation are borne by the lessee
- Gains or losses from fluctuations in the fair value of the residual fall to the lessee
- The lessee has the ability to continue to lease for a secondary period at a rent that is substantially lower than market rent.
Operating lease: all leases except for financial lease.
2. Accounting treatment
Ở trong phần này, mình sẽ nói về treatment cho lessee, còn treatment for lessor sẽ được nói ở trong chương trình môn P2.
Operating lease: rental sẽ được recognize in P/L, not record asset and liability
Financial lease: lessee recognize as it buy asset on credit:
- Recognize asset and liability: Lower between Fair value of asset and present value of minimum lease payment.
- Lease liability: vì được recognize at PV, nên sẽ được unwind hàng năm, interest sẽ được recorded in P/L, phải tách giữa current and non-current lease liability.
- Deposit: khoản deposit này nếu có, sẽ được ghi giảm liability ngày từ đầu.
3. Sale and financial lease back
Đây là trường hợp, entity bán tài sản và lease lại chính tài sản đó, dưới dạng financial lease.
Entity sẽ ghi nhận 2 transaction riêng biêt:
Transaction 1: disposal of asset
Transaction 2: financial lease
Tuy nhiên, các bạn cần lưu ý điểm sau:
Gain/loss from disposal: is deferred and realized over the lease period.
Case study:
Tourmalet sold an item of plant for $50 million on 1 April 20X4. The plant had a carrying amount of $40 million at the date of sale, which was charged to cost of sales. On the same date, Tourmalet entered into an agreement to lease back the plant for the next five years (being the estimated remaining life of the plant) at a cost of $14 million per annum payable annually in arrears. An arrangement of this type is normally deemed to have a financing cost of 10% per annum.
Question: What amount will be shown as income from this transaction in the statement of profit or loss for the year ended 30 September 20X4?
Answer:
Gain on disposal = 50 – 40 = 10 -> deferred
Realizing gain for the year ended 30 Sep X4:
= 10 /5 x 6/12 = 1
Trong lúc bối rối, có nhiều thiếu sót mong các bạn lượng thứ =).
Mong nhận được sự góp ý từ các bạn,
MST17
bối rối :)))
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